Alphabet and Sounds
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- Javaid Ahmed Solangi
- Jun 28,2022
Alphabet and Sounds
An alphabet is a standardized unit of letters which concerns of a particular language, spoken and written and also these letters are arranged in a particular order with a strong sound.
In English, there are 26 letters with distinguished sounds.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Further, we write Alphabets into two types such as:
- Capital letters
- Small letters
- Capital letters (Upper case):
Capital letters are proper marks of beginning words or sentences such as:
- Oxford
- Almighty
- Lecture
- Religious
- Small letters (lower case):
Small letters are mark of distinct to capital letters such as:
- A book
- A girl
- A bat
Consonants and Vowels
These are speeches of sounds which have distinctive quality of sounds which represent an articulate style.
There are 21 consonant letters and about 24 sounds in English and also they make a specific linked with vowel to form a word. It is not open fair sound such, these are Letter -> L-e-t-t-e-r, See -> S-e-e.
Vowels have 5 vowels letters and about 20 vowel sounds in English and also make a fix nucleus position of a Syllable. In vowels there is no obstruction for saying words, it is an open mouth fair sound such, these are:
Orange – O-r-a-n-g-e
Oil - O-i-l
Umbrella - U-m-b-r-e-l-l-a
Consonants and Vowels Sounds
Consonants Sounds: are represent accent and carry to a specific place by letters.
| Sound | Example |
| /p/ | Paid, Cup |
| /b/ | Bad, Crab |
| /t/ | Tit, tell |
| /d/ | Doll, head |
| /k/ | Cot, Cap |
| /g/ | Got, good |
| /f/ | Fine, Fire |
| /v/ | Van, above |
| /o/ | Think, both |
| /r/ | This, matter |
| /s/ | Saw, house |
| /z/ | Zap, does |
| /s/ | Sharp, Gush |
| /z/ | Measure, bridge |
| /h/ | her, hell |
| /x/ | Loch |
| /tf/ | Chicken, Match |
| /dz/ | Merge, raj |
| /m/ | Man, mean |
| /n/ | Nail, ten |
| /n/ | King, Minger |
| /l/ | Let, tall |
| /r/ | Right, scary |
| /w/ | Wet, away |
| /j/ | You, soya |
Vowel Sounds: are represent accent and carry to a specific place by letters. There are two vowels sounds.
- Short Vowel Sounds
- Long Vowel Sounds
- Short Vowel Sounds:
Egg, Income, Umbrella
- Long Vowel Sounds:
Iron, Open, Uniform
Sounds of Alphabets
The set of letters of an alphabet has names and own sounds which cause a proper recognization of a word to read.
Sounds of Alphabets
The set of letters have names and own sounds which make and put them together for recognizing a proper word to read. Therefore, we can use a word in a proper way, such as:
The beginner sounds for students:
| A | [eɪ] | a-n-d | a-f-t-e-r | a-p-p-l-e |
| B | [bi] | b-a-n-a-n-a | b-o-y | |
| C | [si] | c-a-r | c-o-a-t | |
| D | [di] | d-o-g | d-r-e-a-m | |
| E | [i] | e-y-e | e-x-t-r-e-m-e | |
| F | [ɛf] | f-o-u-r | f-i-n-g-e-r | |
| G | [dʒi] | g-i-r-a-f-f-e | g-i-r-l | |
| H | [eɪtʃ] | h-o-t-e-l | h-o-l-i-d-a-y | |
| I | [aɪ] | i-m-a-g-e | i-s-l-a-n-d | |
| J | [dʒeɪ] | j-u-n-g-l-e | j-o-l-l-y | |
| K | [keɪ] | k-a-n-g-a-r-o-o | k-a-r-a-t-e | |
| L | [ɛl] | l-o-w | l-e-v-e-l | l-i-o-n |
| M | [ɛm] | m-o-t-h-e-r | m-e-s-s | |
| N | [ɛn] | n-o | n-i-g-h-t | |
| O | [oʊ] | o-l-d | o-a-t | o-b-j-e-c-t |
| P | [pi] | p-i-a-n-o | p-a-c-k-e-t | |
| Q | [kyu] | q-u-i-t-e | q-u-o-t-e | |
| R | [ɑr] | r-e-d | r-a-b-b-i-t | |
| S | [ɛs] | s-t-r-o-n-g | s-e-v-e-n | |
| T | [ti] | t-e-a | t-w-o | |
| U | [yu] | u-s-e | u-n-d-e-r | |
| V | [vi] | v-a-c-a-t-i-o-n | ||
| W | [ˈdʌblˌyu] | w-e-s-t | w-h-i-t-e | |
| X | [ɛks] | x-r-a-y | x-m-a-s | |
| Y | [waɪ] | y-o-l-k | y-a-r-d | |
| Z | [zed/zi] | z-e-r-o | z-e-b-r-a |
Phonemes:
The sounds of spoken language are also known as phonemes. Thus,
- Pen -> has on syllables but three phonemes.
- Water -> has two syllables and four phonemes.
Syllable
Basically, consonants and vowel sounds make up fine syllables and these syllables are divided into more types, these are:
Mono -> Syllable -> these words have ones syllable.
On – an – tie – cat
Bi-Syllable:
These words have two syllable called Bi-Syllable. To-day, Mor-ning, Out-er
Tri-Syllable:
These words have three syllable hence called Tri-Syllable. Quali-ty, Yes-ter-day, To-mor-row
Poly-Syllable:
These words have four or more than four parts hence called Poly-Syllable. Mis-under-stand-ding, Qua-li-fi-ca-tion, Dis-in-for-ma-tion
Sounds linking words
When we speak fluently with flow of words don’t pronounce a word and say next to next word. This fluent of speech bring up and down accent in sentence is called sound linking words.
In fact, sounds linking is a mode of joining pronunciation of two words in a sentence that pass a distinctive bump. Example:
He is a boy
She is intelligent
They are students
- More Compound Sounds
These mixing of two sounds make a sound of single word.
Bh -> jh
Ch -> kh
Dh -> lh
Eh -> mh
Fh -> nh
Gh -> uh
Oh -> vh
Ph -> wh
Rh -> zh
Th -> sh