Admittedly
Meaning: used, especially at the beginning of a sentence, when you are accepting that something is true
Sentence: Admittedly, it is rather expensive, but you don't need to use much.
Admixture
Meaning: something, especially a small amount of something, that is mixed with something else; the act of mixing a small amount of something with something else
Sentence: A French-speaking region with an admixture of German speakers
Admonishment
Meaning: a warning to somebody about their behaviour
Sentence: To William he had written a letter full of the gravest admonitions, urging him to think carefully about what he was committing himself to.
Admonitory
Meaning: that is a warning to somebody about their behaviour
Sentence: The sergeant lifted an admonitory finger at us.
Ado
Meaning: (old-fashioned) without delaying; immediately
Sentence: We set to work without further ado.
Adobe
Meaning: mud that is dried in the sun, mixed with straw and used as a building material
Sentence: The floors were bare adobe and the walls painted blue.
Adolescence
Meaning: the time in a person’s life when he or she develops from a child into an adult
Sentence: Adolescence brings about major changes in a young person’s body.
Adolescent
Meaning: a young person who is developing from a child into an adult
Sentence: Adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 and the problems they face
Adonis
Meaning: an extremely attractive young man
Adopt
Meaning: to take somebody else’s child into your family and become its legal parent(s)
Sentence: he was forced to have her baby adopted.
Adopted
Meaning: an adopted child has legally become part of a family that is not the one in which he or she was born
Sentence: Danny is their adopted son.
Adoption
Meaning: the act of adopting a child; the fact of being adopted
Sentence: The number of adoptions has fallen markedly since the 1970s.
Adoptive
Meaning: (of a parent, child or family) in that relationship as a result of the parent legally adopting the child
Sentence: his adoptive father
Adorably
Meaning: in a way that is very attractive and easy to feel love for
Adore
Meaning: adore somebody to love somebody very much
Sentence: It's obvious that she adores him.
Adoringly
Meaning: in a way that shows much love
Adorn
Meaning: to make something/somebody look more attractive by decorating it or them with something
Sentence: The children adorned themselves with flowers.
Adornment
Meaning: [countable] something that you wear to make yourself look more attractive; something used to decorate a place or an object
Sentence: A plain necklace was her only adornment.
Adrenal gland
Meaning: either of the two small organs above the kidneys that produce adrenaline and other hormones
Adrenalin
Meaning: a substance produced in the body when you are excited, afraid or angry. It makes the heart beat faster and increases your energy and ability to move quickly.
Sentence: The excitement at the start of a race can really get the adrenaline flowing.
Adrift
Meaning: if a boat or a person in a boat is adrift, the boat is not tied to anything or is floating without being controlled by anyone
Sentence: The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days.
Adroitly
Meaning: in a way that is clever and shows skill
Sentence: He adroitly avoided answering my questions.
Adroitness
Meaning: the quality of being clever and having skill
Ads
Meaning: a notice, picture or film telling people about a product, job or service
Sentence: The TV ads were first run last year.
Adsorbed
Meaning: adsorb something if a material adsorbs a liquid, gas or other substance, it holds it on its surface, or on internal surfaces within the material
Sentence: The dye is adsorbed onto the fibre.
Adsorbent
Meaning: (of a substance or material) able to adsorb gases or liquids
Adulation
Meaning: great praise, especially when it is greater than necessary
Sentence: The band enjoy the adulation of their fans wherever they go.
Adulatory
Meaning: showing great praise, especially when it is greater than necessary
Adult education
Meaning: education for adults that is available outside the formal education system, for example at evening classes or over the internet
Sentence: adult education classes
Adulterated
Meaning: to make food or drink less pure by adding another substance to it
Sentence: The water supply had been adulterated with chemicals from the soil.
Adulteration
Meaning: the action of making food or drink less pure by adding another substance to it
Adulterer
Meaning: a person who commits adultery
Adulteress
Meaning: a woman who commits adultery
Adulterous
Meaning: involving sex between a married person and somebody who is not their husband or wife; (of a married person) having sex with somebody who is not their husband or wife
Sentence: An adulterous relationship
Adultery
Meaning: sex between a married person and somebody who is not their husband or wife
Sentence: He was accused of committing adultery.
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Advance guard
Meaning: a group of soldiers who go somewhere to make preparations before other soldiers arrive
Sentence: (figurative) White blood cells may be considered the advance guard of the immune system.
Advanced
Meaning: having the most modern and recently developed ideas, methods, etc.
Sentence: Scientists are working on highly advanced technology to replace fossil fuels.
Advances
Meaning: progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding
Sentence: We live in an age of rapid technological advance.
Advantage
Meaning: a thing that helps you to be better or more successful than other people
Sentence: It gives you an unfair advantage (= something that benefits you, but not your opponents).
Advantage ground
Meaning: Advantage ground
Advantageous
Meaning: advantageous (to somebody) good or useful in a particular situation
Sentence: A free trade agreement would be advantageous to both countries.
Advantageously
Meaning: in a way that is good or useful in a particular situation
Sentence: He rearranged his business affairs advantageously by investing his money overseas.
Adventist
Meaning: a member of a Christian religious group that believes that Christ will soon return to Earth
Adventitious
Meaning: happening by accident; not planned
Adventure
Meaning: an unusual, exciting or dangerous experience, journey or series of events
Sentence: Four members of our staff have embarked on the adventure of a lifetime.
Adventurer
Meaning: (old-fashioned) a person who enjoys exciting new experiences, especially going to unusual places
Sentence: The buildings are named after great sailors and adventurers like Drake and Nelson.
Adventuresome
Meaning: (of a person) willing to take risks and try new ideas; enjoying being in new, exciting situations
Synonyms: audacious, bold, brave, courageous, daredevil, daring, dashing, gutsy, venturesome, venturous
Antonyms:
Adventuress
Meaning: (old-fashioned) a woman who enjoys exciting new experiences, especially going to unusual places
Adventurously
Meaning: in a way that shows you are willing to take risks; showing pleasure in being in new, exciting situations
Sentence: She made her home in Rome and travelled adventurously in north Africa.
Adverb
Meaning: a word that adds more information about place, time, manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb
Sentence: In ‘speak kindly’, ‘incredibly deep’, ‘just in time’ and ‘too quickly’, ‘kindly’, ‘incredibly’, ‘just’ and ‘too’ are all adverbs.
Adverbial
Meaning: (of a word or phrase) adding more information about place, time, manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb
Sentence: ?(of a word or phrase) adding more information about place, time, manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb
Adversary
Meaning: a person that somebody is opposed to and competing with in an argument or a battle
Sentence: The British considered him a worthy adversary.
Adversative
Meaning: (of a word or phrase) expressing something that is opposed to or the opposite of what has been said
Sentence: The adversative conjunction ‘but’
Adversely
Meaning: in a way that is negative and unpleasant and not likely to produce a good result
Sentence: Her health was adversely affected by the climate.
Advertise
Meaning: to tell the public about a product or a service in order to encourage people to buy or to use it
Sentence: If you want to attract customers you need to advertise.
Advertised
Meaning: to tell the public about a product or a service in order to encourage people to buy or to use it
Sentence: If you want to attract customers you need to advertise.
Advertising
Meaning: the activity and industry of advertising things to people on television, in newspapers, on the internet, etc.
Sentence: The company's print and digital advertising rose compared with the same period a year ago. a career in advertising
Advice
Meaning: an opinion or a suggestion about what somebody should do in a particular situation
Sentence: Ask your teacher's advice on how to prepare for the exam.
Advisability
Meaning: how sensible something is; the degree to which it is a good idea in order to achieve something
Advise
Meaning: to tell somebody what you think they should do in a particular situation
Sentence: advise somebody against doing something They advised me against visiting the troubled south of the country.
Advised
Meaning: to tell somebody what you think they should do in a particular situation
Sentence: advise somebody against doing something They advised me against visiting the troubled south of the country.
Advisedly
Meaning: if you say that you are using a word advisedly, you mean that you have thought carefully before choosing it
Adviser/Advisor
Meaning: a person who gives advice, especially somebody who knows a lot about a particular subject
Sentence: adviser (to somebody) (on something) a special adviser to the President on education
Adviser
Meaning: a person who gives advice, especially somebody who knows a lot about a particular subject
Sentence: adviser (to somebody) (on something) a special adviser to the President on education
Advisor
Meaning: a person who gives advice, especially somebody who knows a lot about a particular subject
Sentence: adviser (to somebody) (on something) a special adviser to the President on education
Advocaat
Meaning: a strong alcoholic drink made from eggs, sugar and brandy
Adz
Meaning: a heavy tool with a sharp curved blade at 90 degrees to the handle, used for cutting or shaping large pieces of wood
Adze
Meaning: a heavy tool with a sharp curved blade at 90 degrees to the handle, used for cutting or shaping large pieces of wood
Aegis
Meaning: (formal) with the protection or support of a particular organization or person
Sentence: Medical supplies are being sent under the aegis of the Red Cross.
Aeolian
Meaning: connected with or caused by the action of the wind
Aeon/Eon
Meaning: (formal) an extremely long period of time; thousands of years
Sentence: Only yesterday—and it seemed aeons ago, not just a few hours—he had been a happily married man.
Aeon
Meaning: (formal) an extremely long period of time; thousands of years
Sentence: Only yesterday—and it seemed aeons ago, not just a few hours—he had been a happily married man.
Aerate
Meaning: aerate something to make it possible for air to become mixed with soil, water, etc.
Sentence: Earthworms do the important job of aerating the soil.
Aeration
Meaning: the process of making it possible for air to become mixed with soil, water, etc.
Sentence: The primary effect of soil flooding is to reduce aeration of the soil.
Aerobatics
Meaning: movements performed in an aircraft that are exciting and show skill, such as flying with the top of the aircraft facing the ground, especially in front of an audience
Sentence: a spectacular display of aerobatics by the Red Arrows
Aerodynamics
Meaning: [plural] the qualities of an object that affect the way it moves through the air
Sentence: Research has focused on improving the car's aerodynamics.
Aerogram
Meaning: a sheet of light paper that can be folded and sent by air as a letter
Aeronautical
Meaning: connected with the science or practice of building and flying aircraft
Sentence: an aeronautical engineer
Aeroplane
Meaning: a flying vehicle with wings and one or more engines
Sentence: The aeroplane was carrying 350 people.
Aesthete
Meaning: a person who has a love and understanding of art and beautiful things
Aesthetic
Meaning: connected with beauty and art and the understanding of beautiful things
Sentence: The benefits of conservation are both financial and aesthetic.
Aesthetics
Meaning: the qualities and ideas in a work of art or literature that relate to beauty and the nature of art
Sentence: The students debated the aesthetic of the poems.
Aesthetically
Meaning: in an artistic way that is beautiful to look at
Sentence: The film is technically and aesthetically brilliant.
Aestheticism
Meaning: an approach to art and life based on the belief that art and beauty should be valued for themselves, not for a social or moral purpose
Aether
Meaning: a clear liquid made from alcohol, used in industry as a solvent and, in the past, in medicine to make people unconscious before an operation
Sentence: Her words disappeared into the ether.
Aetiology
Meaning: the cause of a disease or medical condition
Afar
Meaning: (literary) from a long distance away
Sentence: Even from afar the castle was most impressive.
Affability
Meaning: the quality of being pleasant, friendly and easy to talk to
Affably
Meaning: in a pleasant and friendly way
Affair
Meaning: events that are of public interest or political importance
Sentence: We are expecting a statement from the home affairs (= political events in your own country) spokesman.
Affairs
Meaning: events that are of public interest or political importance
Sentence: We are expecting a statement from the home affairs (= political events in your own country) spokesman.
Affected
Meaning: changed or influenced by something
Sentence: Don't worry about the rule changes—you're not affected.
Affectedly
Meaning: in a way that is not natural or sincere
Affecting
Meaning: making you feel very sad, sorry, etc. about somebody/something
Affection
Meaning: [uncountable, singular] the feeling of liking or loving somebody/something very much and caring about them
Sentence: Children need lots of love and affection.
Affectionately
Meaning: in a way that shows caring feelings and love for somebody
Sentence: William was affectionately known as Billy.
Affidavit
Meaning: a written statement that you swear is true, and that can be used as evidence in court
Sentence: They swore affidavits and put further material before the court.
Affiliated
Meaning: closely connected to or controlled by a group or an organization
Sentence: All affiliated members can vote.
Affiliation
Meaning: a person’s connection with a political party, religion, etc.
Sentence: He was arrested because of his political affiliation.
Affinities
Meaning: [singular] affinity (for/with somebody/something) | affinity (between A and B) a strong feeling that you understand somebody/something and like them or it
Sentence: Sam was born in the country and had a deep affinity with natur??????? ? ????? ? ??????? ? ?????? ? ????? ? (????????) ??? e.
Affirm
Meaning: to state clearly or publicly that something is true or that you support something strongly
Sentence: The decision was affirmed by the Court of Appeal.
Affirmation
Meaning: a definite or public statement that something is true or that you support something strongly
Sentence: She nodded in affirmation.
Affirmatively
Meaning: in a way that means ‘yes’ or expresses agreement
Sentence: 90 per cent voted affirmatively.
Affixed
Meaning: to stick or attach something to something else; to be able to be fixed to something
Sentence: The label should be firmly affixed to the package.
Affixing
Meaning: to stick or attach something to something else; to be able to be fixed to something
Sentence: be affixed (to something) The label should be firmly affixed to the package.
Afflict
Meaning: to affect somebody/something in an unpleasant or harmful way
Sentence: Aid will be sent to the afflicted areas.
Afflicted
Meaning: to affect somebody/something in an unpleasant or harmful way
Sentence: Aid will be sent to the afflicted areas.
Affliction
Meaning: pain and difficulty or something that causes it
Affluent
Meaning: having a lot of money and a good standard of living
Sentence: affluent Western countries
Affordable
Meaning: cheap enough that people can afford to pay it or buy it
Sentence: There is a lack of affordable housing in the city.
Afforest
Meaning: to plant areas of land with trees in order to form a forest
Sentence: be afforested Large areas are being afforested each year.
Afforestation
Meaning: the process of planting areas of land with trees in order to form a forest
Affray
Meaning: a fight or violent behaviour in a public place that disturbs the peace
Sentence: The men were charged with affray/with causing an affray.
Affricate
Meaning: a speech sound that is made up of a plosive followed immediately by a fricative, for example /t/ and /d/ in chair and jar
Affronted
Meaning: to say or do something that offends somebody
Sentence: be/feel affronted He hoped they would not feel affronted if they were not invited.
Affronting
Meaning: to say or do something that offends somebody
Sentence: He hoped they would not feel affronted if they were not invited.
Afield
Meaning: far away from home; to or in places that are not near
Sentence: ou can hire a car if you want to explore further afield.
Afloat
Meaning: floating on water
Sentence: He could not swim and only a life jacket kept him afloat.
Aflutter
Meaning: in a state of nervous excitement
Sentence: The world is aflutter with news of the royal baby.
Afraid
Meaning: feeling fear; frightened because you think that you might be hurt or suffer Don't be afraid.
Sentence: He had always been afraid of death.
African
Meaning: of or connected with Africa
Afrikaans
Meaning: a language that has developed from Dutch, spoken in South Africa
Aft
Meaning: in, near or towards the back of a ship or an aircraft
Sentence: The ship was moored to the dock fore and aft.
After effect
Meaning: the after-effects of a drug, an illness or an unpleasant event are the feelings that you experience later as a result of it
After-hours
Meaning: happening or open after the normal or legal closing time for a business
Sentence: Shares are currently falling in after-hours trading.
After image
Meaning: an image that your eye still sees after the thing that you were looking at is no longer there
After-life
Meaning: the possibility or belief that people continue to exist in some form after they die
Sentence: Do you believe in life after death?
After wise
Meaning: (often disapproving) to understand something, or realize what you should have done, only after something has happened
Sentence: Anyone can be wise after the event.
Aftermath
Meaning: the situation that exists as a result of an important (and usually unpleasant) event, especially a war, an accident, etc.
Sentence: A lot of rebuilding took place in the aftermath of the war.
Aftermost
Meaning: nearest to the stern of a ship or the tail of an aircraft
Aftertaste
Meaning: a taste (usually an unpleasant one) that stays in your mouth after you have eaten or drunk something
Sentence: The whole experience, though enjoyable enough at the time, left a bitter aftertaste.
Afterward
Meaning: at a later time; after an event that has already been mentioned
Sentence: Afterwards she was sorry for what she'd said.
Afterwards
Meaning: at a later time; after an event that has already been mentioned
Sentence: Let's go out now and eat afterwards.
Afterword
Meaning: a section at the end of a book that says something about the main text, and may be written by a different author
Ag
Meaning: used when you are reacting to something that has been said, or when you are angry or annoyed by something
Sentence: Ag, don't worry about it.
Aga/Agha
Meaning: a type of British cooker made of solid iron that is also used for heating. ‘Aga saga’ is a humorous name for a novel about the lives of British middle-class women, because Agas are very popular with this group.
Aga
Meaning: a type of British cooker made of solid iron that is also used for heating. ‘Aga saga’ is a humorous name for a novel about the lives of British middle-class women, because Agas are very popular with this group.
Agha
Meaning: a type of British cooker made of solid iron that is also used for heating. ‘Aga saga’ is a humorous name for a novel about the lives of British middle-class women, because Agas are very popular with this group.
Against
Meaning: opposing or disagreeing with somebody/something
Sentence: We're playing against the league champions next week.
Agape
Meaning: if a person’s mouth is agape, it is wide open, especially because they are surprised or shocked
Sentence: He watched the spectacle, mouth agape.???? ??? ? ???? ? ????? ????? ? ???? ? ????? ? ????? ? ?????
Agar-agar
Meaning: a substance like jelly, used by scientists for growing cultures, and to make liquid foods thicker
Agaric
Meaning: a type of fungus with a large top, that looks like a mushroom
Agate
Meaning: a hard stone with bands or areas of colour, used in jewellery
Agave
Meaning: a plant that grows in hot dry areas of North and South America, with sharp points on the leaves and tall groups of flowers
Age
Meaning: the number of years that a person has lived or a thing has existed
Sentence: You're the same age as my brother.
Age class
Meaning: to treat everyone in the same way, without being influenced by their importance, wealth, etc.
Sentence: Death is no respecter of persons.
Age limit
Meaning: the oldest or youngest age at which you are allowed to do something
Sentence: the upper/lower age limit
Age of consent
Meaning: the age at which somebody is legally old enough to agree to have a sexual relationship
Sentence: The girl was under the age of consent.
Age of reason
Meaning: a period in Europe in the 18th century when many writers and thinkers began to question established beliefs, e.g. in the authority of kings or of the Church, in favour of reason and scientific proof. The idea developed that everyone was of equal valu
Ageing
Meaning: the process of growing old
Sentence: skin care products which claim to halt the ageing process
Agency
Meaning: a business or an organization that provides a particular service especially when representing other busiShe works for an advertising agency.nesses or organizations
Sentence: She works for an advertising agency.
Agenda
Meaning: a list of items to be discussed at a meeting
Sentence: We have a very full agenda of issues to discuss.
Agent-general
Meaning: the representative of an Australian state or Canadian province in a foreign country
Agent noun
Meaning: a noun that refers to a person or thing that does an action, for example ‘worker’ or ‘elevator’
Agent provocateur
Meaning: a person who is employed to encourage people in political groups to do something illegal so that they can be arrested
Agglomerated
Meaning: to form into a mass or group; to collect things and form them into a mass or group
Sentence: They agglomerated many small pieces of research into a single large study.
Agglomerating
Meaning: to form into a mass or group; to collect things and form them into a mass or group
Sentence: These small particles agglomerate together to form larger clusters.
Agglomeration
Meaning: a group of things put together in no particular order or arrangement; the fact of putting things together in this way
Sentence: an ugly agglomeration of buildings
Agglutinative
Meaning: (of languages) using complex words consisting of many elements to show the functions of words in a sentence, rather than separate words or changes to the ends of words
Synonyms: syrupy, tacky, viscous, clinging, gluey, glutinous
Antonyms: dry, smooth, unsticky
Aggrandizement
Meaning: an increase in the power or importance of a person or country
Sentence: He was a strong and greedy monarch who pursued a course of military aggrandizement from the beginning of his reign.
Aggravated
Meaning: an aggravated crime involves further unnecessary violence or unpleasant behaviour
Sentence: aggravated assault/burglary
Aggravating
Meaning: making an illness or a bad or unpleasant situation worse
Sentence: aggravating circumstances/factors
Aggregated
Meaning: to put together different items, amounts, etc. into a single group or total
Sentence: The scores were aggregated with the first round totals to decide the winner.
Aggregation
Meaning: the act of putting together different items, amounts, etc. into a single group or total; the group that is formedStrategic networks are an aggregation of autonomous organizations that retain their own identity.
Sentence: Strategic networks are an aggregation of autonomous organizations that retain their own identity.
Aggregator
Meaning: an internet company that collects information about other companies’ products and services and puts it on a single website
Sentence: a news aggregator
Aggressively
Meaning: in a way that is angry and threatening
Sentence: ‘What do you want?’ he demanded aggressively.
Aggressiveness
Meaning: angry and threatening behaviour
Sentence: assumptions about the natural aggressiveness of boys and men
Aggrieved
Meaning: feeling that you have been treated unfairly
Sentence: He had every right to feel aggrieved at the decision.
Agility
Meaning: the ability to move quickly and easily
Sentence: He had the agility of a man half his age.
Agitated
Meaning: showing in your behaviour that you are anxious and nervous
Sentence: Calm down! Don't get so agitated.
Agitating
Meaning: to argue strongly for something you want, especially for changes in a law, in social conditions, etc.
Sentence: Some militant groups have been agitating for autonomy for the region.
Agitation
Meaning: worry that you show by behaving in a nervous way
Sentence: Dot arrived in a state of great agitation.
Agitato
Meaning: in a quick and excited or nervous way
Agitator
Meaning: a person who tries to persuade people to take part in political protest
Sentence: a known agitator and troublemaker
Agnosia
Meaning: the lack of the ability to recognize things and people
Agnostic
Meaning: a person who believes that it is not possible to know whether God exists or not
Agnosticism
Meaning: the belief that it is not possible to know whether God exists or not
Ago
Meaning: used in expressions of time with the simple past tense to show how far in the past something happened
Sentence: The letter came a few days ago.
Agog
Meaning: excited and very interested to find out something
Sentence: We were all agog with curiosity.
Agonize
Meaning: to spend a long time thinking and worrying about a difficult situation or problem
Sentence: I spent days agonizing over whether to take the job or not.
Agonized
Meaning: suffering or expressing severe pain or worry
Sentence: After five months of agonized debate they signed the treaty.
Agonizing
Meaning: causing great pain, worry or difficulty
Sentence: It was the most agonizing decision of her life.
Agonizingly
Meaning: used meaning ‘extremely’ to emphasize something negative
Sentence: an agonizingly slow process
Agora
Meaning: in ancient Greece, an open space used for markets and public meetings
Agoraphobia
Meaning: a fear of being in public places where there are many other people
Sentence: She had agoraphobia and never wanted to go out of the house.
Agraphia
Meaning: a medical condition in which a person loses the ability to write
